基于二三维一体化的智慧警务地理信息平台建设与研究     

张庆全  袁晓宏  余迎 《测绘与空间地理信息》2020,(2):150-152

"智慧警务"是"智慧城市"的重要组成部分,也是社会治安防控体系发展的必然趋势,应提高认识,积极探索和论证建设"智慧警务"的模式和方法。本文阐述了基于二三维一体化的智慧警务地理信息平台建设内容和总体框架,并详细地介绍了警用地理信息系统及智慧警务应用系统建设内容和技术路线。  相似文献   

强震作用下铁路隧道横通道交叉结构抗震措施研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1       下载免费PDF全文

申玉生  陈政  周鹏发  罗宁宁  张熙  杨佳奇 《地震工程学报》2020,42(1):182-193

依托四川茂县跃龙门铁路隧道工程,以主线单线隧道与横通道正交结构为研究对象,通过ABAQUS建立有限元分析模型。选取El-Centro地震波数据,通过应用扩展有限元理论,对横通道与主隧道交叉结构在最不利地震条件下的裂损进行研究,并提出减震层结合柔性接头的抗震措施。研究分析得到:减震层结合柔性接头的设置减小并抑制了交叉结构隧道在强震作用下的开裂范围。柔性接头的设置阻止了纵向裂缝的扩展,在交叉口处中部设置环向柔性接头能完全阻止交叉部位拱顶的裂缝生成;在初期支护和二次衬砌之间设置减震层,给予衬砌更大变形空间,使二次衬砌不易受初期支护变形受力影响而开裂。  相似文献   

HY-2B卫星散射计海面风场产品质量分析 *     

陈克海  解学通  张金兰  邹巨洪  张毅 《热带海洋学报》2020,39(6):30-40

星载微波散射计是获取全球海面风场信息的主要手段, HY-2B卫星散射计的成功发射为全球海面风场数据获取的持续性提供了重要保障。本文利用欧洲中期天气预报中心(European Center for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts, ECMWF)再分析风场数据、热带大气海洋观测计划(Tropical Atmosphere Ocean Array, TAO)和美国国家数据浮标中心(National Data Buoy Center, NDBC)浮标获取的海面风矢量实测数据, 对HY-2B散射计海面风场数据产品的质量进行统计分析。分析表明, HY-2B风场与ECMWF再分析风场对比, 在4~24m·s^-1风速区间内, 风速和风向均方根误差(root mean square error, RMSE)分别为1.58m·s^-1和15.34°; 与位于开阔海域的TAO浮标数据对比, 风速、风向RMSE分别为1.03m·s^-1和14.98°, 可见HY-2B风场能较好地满足业务化应用的精度要求(风速优于2m·s^-1, 风向优于20°)。与主要位于近海海域的NDBC浮标对比, HY-2B风场的风速、风向RMSE分别为1.60m·s^-1和19.14°, 说明HY-2B散射计同时具备了对近海海域风场的良好观测能力。本文还发现HY-2B风场质量会随风速、地面交轨位置等变化, 为用户更好地使用HY-2B风场产品提供参考。  相似文献   

水源钻机在超深土层绳索取心钻进中的应用          下载免费PDF全文

杨联锋  段云星 《探矿工程》2020,47(11):44-50

山西省清徐县区域地质调查项目设计800、2000、3000 m科学钻探孔，以调查填补新生界底板埋深控制空白区，各孔钻入基岩30 m完钻。要求全孔取心，岩心采取率≮85%，岩心直径≮60 mm，采用塑料保护管采取原状岩样。针对超深软土层、各组地层特性及厚度未知、钻遇基岩完钻深度未知、大直径高保真全孔取心、项目价格远低于目前市场成本等难题，经过“水源钻机+大提钻取心+长裸眼孔段”实施800 m孔、“岩心钻机+绳索取心+套管固井”实施640 m参数对比孔，创新性使用“水源钻机+绳索取心+长裸眼孔段”工艺完成了2000 m孔的施工。该工艺岩心采取率达到93%，孔径和孔斜符合地质要求，为3000 m孔顺利施工打下了坚实的基础，为同类型项目提供了经验和借鉴。  相似文献   

滇西南钾盐调查MK-3大口径超深井绳索取心钻进工艺          下载免费PDF全文

吕利强 《探矿工程》2020,47(3):53-58

滇西南中生代盐盆地钾盐资源调查评价项目MK-3井，设计井深2700 m，全孔取心，岩心直径≮80 mm，一般井段岩心采取率达到80%以上，盐岩段岩心采取率＞95%。工程技术要求高，施工难度大。施工中遇到了地层坍塌、涌水、掉块、盐岩溶蚀等问题，通过采用氯化镁饱和盐水冲洗液，HXY-9B型钻机取心钻进、TSJ-2000型水源钻机扩孔钻进，分级下管隔离等措施，圆满完成了钻探任务。完钻井深2701 m，岩心采取率90%，盐岩段岩心采取率达98.65%，终孔口径127 mm，岩心直径81 mm。经地球物理测井，各项指标都达到了设计要求。刷新了国内CHD127标准绳索取心钻杆P口径钻探深度的记录。  相似文献   

鄂尔多斯盆地南部奥陶系马六段白云岩特征及形成机制研究     

刘丽红  王春连  李丽霞  杜治利  唐跃  韩淼 《中国地质》2020,47(3):810-820

鄂尔多斯盆地马六段在盆地大部分地区被剥蚀,仅在盆地周缘地区分布,因此,有关该盆地马六段白云岩成因研究较少。本文通过对马六段白云岩岩石学特征、阴极发光特征、微量元素特征以及碳氧同位素地球化学特征进行分析,对鄂尔多斯盆地南部马六段白云岩特征及形成机制进行了研究。研究结果表明,盆地南部马六段白云岩主要由细—中晶白云岩组成,白云石具"雾心亮边"结构,阴极发光呈暗红色光。微量元素总体上具有较低的Fe、Mn值,平均值分别为447×10~(-6)和62×10~(-6),较高的K、Na值,平均值分别为517×10-6和252×10~(-6),以及中等含量的Sr元素值,平均值为155×10~(-6)。δ~(13)C值平均为-0.617‰,δ~(18)O值平均为-7.6‰,以上特征均反映出海源流体特征。白云石的"雾心"和"亮边"结构中微量元素含量相差不大,认为是在相同成岩环境的不同成岩阶段形成,其中"雾心"形成于浅埋藏环境的渗透回流白云石化作用,而"亮边"是在深埋藏环境下对早期白云石的调整和加强。  相似文献   

沉积物中硬质粘土层的研究进展          下载免费PDF全文

孔凡彪  徐树建  贾广菊 《山东国土资源》2018,34(3)

大量的钻孔资料表明,平原地区及其海域沉积物中普遍有硬质粘土层的存在。硬质粘土层在工程地质、地理学研究等方面具有重要的价值,它不仅是高层建筑的持力层,而且是研究全球环境变化事件、古气候演变的良好载体。该文阐述了硬质粘土层的一般特征、成因以及在粒度、地球化学元素、年代学、沉积环境等方面的研究进展,并展望了硬质粘土层在年代、物质来源和沉积环境等方面的研究方向,认为黄河三角洲硬质粘土层研究较少,需要开展大范围的、系统深入的、多学科的宏观和微观综合分析,挖掘硬质粘土层蕴含的古环境意义和应用价值。  相似文献   

Calibration method affects the measured δ2H and δ18O in soil water by direct H2Oliquid–H2Ovapour equilibration with laser spectroscopy     

Hongxiu Wang  Bingcheng Si  Dyan Pratt  Han Li  Xiaojun Ma 《水文研究》2020,34(2):506-516

The direct H₂O_liquid–H₂O_vapour equilibration method utilizing laser spectroscopy (DVE-LS) is a way to measure soil pore water stable isotopes. Various equilibration times and calibration methods have been used in DVE-LS. Yet little is known about their effects on the accuracy of the obtained isotope values. The objective of this study was to evaluate how equilibration time and calibration methods affect the accuracy of DVE-LS. We did both spiking and field soil experiments. For the spiking experiment, we applied DVE-LS to four soils of different textures, each of which was subjected to five water contents and six equilibration times. For the field soil experiment, we applied three calibration methods for DVE-LS to two field soil profiles, and the results were compared with cryogenic vacuum distillation (CVD)-LS. Results showed that DVE-LS demonstrated higher δ²H and δ¹⁸O as equilibration time increased, but 12 to 24 hr could be used as optimal equilibration time. For field soil samples, DVE-LS with liquid waters as standards led to significantly higher δ²H and δ¹⁸O than CVD-LS, with root mean square error (RMSE) of 8.06‰ for δ²H and 0.98‰ for δ¹⁸O. Calibration with soil texture reduced RMSE to 3.53‰ and 0.72‰ for δ²H and δ¹⁸O, respectively. Further, calibration with both soil texture and water content decreased RMSE to 3.10‰ for δ²H and 0.73‰ for δ¹⁸O. Our findings conclude that the calibration method applied may affect the measured soil water isotope values from DVE-LS.  相似文献   

Estimating aboveground biomass of the mangrove forests on northeast Hainan Island in China using an upscaling method from field plots,UAV-LiDAR data and Sentinel-2 imagery     

《International Journal of Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation》2020

The mangrove forests of northeast Hainan Island are the most species diverse forests in China and consist of the Dongzhai National Nature Reserve and the Qinglan Provincial Nature Reserve. The former reserve is the first Chinese national nature reserve for mangroves and the latter has the most abundant mangrove species in China. However, to date the aboveground ground biomass (AGB) of this mangrove region has not been quantified due to the high species diversity and the difficulty of extensive field sampling in mangrove habitat. Although three-dimensional point clouds can capture the forest vertical structure, their application to large areas is hindered by the logistics, costs and data volumes involved. To fill the gap and address this issue, this study proposed a novel upscaling method for mangrove AGB estimation using field plots, UAV-LiDAR strip data and Sentinel-2 imagery (named G∼LiDAR∼S2 model) based on a point-line-polygon framework. In this model, the partial-coverage UAV-LiDAR data were used as a linear bridge to link ground measurements to the wall-to-wall coverage Sentinel-2 data. The results showed that northeast Hainan Island has a total mangrove AGB of 312,806.29 Mg with a mean AGB of 119.26 Mg ha⁻¹. The results also indicated that at the regional scale, the proposed UAV-LiDAR linear bridge method (i.e., G∼LiDAR∼S2 model) performed better than the traditional approach, which directly relates field plots to Sentinel-2 data (named the G∼S2 model) (R² = 0.62 > 0.52, RMSE = 50.36 Mg ha⁻¹<56.63 Mg ha⁻¹). Through a trend extrapolation method, this study inferred that the G∼LiDAR∼S2 model could decrease the number of field samples required by approximately 37% in comparison with those required by the G∼S2 model in the study area. Regarding the UAV-LiDAR sampling intensity, compared with the original number of LiDAR plots, 20% of original linear bridges could produce an acceptable accuracy (R² = 0.62, RMSE = 51.03 Mg ha⁻¹). Consequently, this study presents the first investigation of AGB for the mangrove forests on northeast Hainan Island in China and verifies the feasibility of using this mangrove AGB upscaling method for diverse mangrove forests.  相似文献   

北太平洋副热带模态水盐度的年代际变化     

胡睿坤  边志刚  刘子洲  刘聪  翟方国  顾艳镇 《中国海洋大学学报(自然科学版)》2020,(2):9-21

副热带模态水(Subtropical Mode Water;STMW)在气候变化中起着重要作用。本文利用全球高分辨率数值模拟结果,研究了北太平洋STMW核心层盐度(Core Layer Salinity;CLS)的年代际变化及其物理机制。结果表明,CLS存在显著的年代际变化,其空间分布则与背景流场分布特征有关。侵蚀区CLS滞后生成区CLS约1~2年,这主要是海流平流输运引起的。生成区内,STMW的季节循环一般可分为生成期(12-4月)、隔离期(5-6月)和侵蚀期(7-11月),生成期混合层盐度(Mixed Layer Salinity;MLS)决定着隔离期和侵蚀期的CLS,而MLS年代际变化则主要由同太平洋年代际涛动存在负相关性的海表面淡水通量的变化引起。  相似文献